Oceans 13 May 2015 he Arctic Council is engaged in numerous projects; directly or indirectly concerning the Arctic Ocean: Arctic Ocean Review Project (AOR) by PAMEThe AOR is a two-phased project that will analyze the status and trends in the Arctic marine environment (AME). Phase II (2011-2013) will focus on areas where the Arctic Council can effectively add value to the existing mechanisms of governance for the Arctic marine environment Arctic Ocean Acidification (AOA) by AMAP The Arctic Ocean Acidification Expert Group has begun work on an assessment report of Arctic Ocean Acidification covering the carbon dioxide system in the ocean, biogeochemical processes, responses of organisms and ecosystems, and the economic costs of acidification in the Arctic Ocean. AMAPwill conduct a full scientific assessment of AOA for delivery in 2013. Arctic Marine Shipping Assessment (AMSA) by PAMEA key element of AMSA is the creation of a set of scenarios, or plausible futures, for Arctic marine navigation. Snow, Water, Ice and Permafrost in the Arctic (SWIPA) by AMAPThe SWIPA assessment key finding 7: The Arctic Ocean is projected to become nearly ice-free in summer within this century, likely within the next thirty to forty years. Circumpolar Biodiversity Monitoring Programme (CBMP) by CAFFThe CBMP deals with biodiversity in the Arctic's marine, coastal, freshwater and terrestrial systems, such as monitoring of Polar Bears, Arctic Birds etc. Photo: Rocks in water, Bleik, Andøy, Norway by Tommy Larsen.